When is the best time to plant black beans?

Many bean foods are quite nutritious, such as black beans . Black beans are an annual climbing herb of the genus Glycine max in the family Fabaceae. They like warmth and the germination temperature should be above 18°C, but not more than 25°C. The suitable growth temperature during the seedling stage is 20-24℃, and the suitable growth temperature after the seedling stage is 24-26℃. Let’s learn together when is the best time to plant black beans?

When is the best time to plant black beans?

The black bean planting time in the southern region is generally in spring and autumn, spring is generally from March to May, and autumn is generally from September to November. The appropriate time for precision sowing of black beans is generally from May 15th to 20th, when the soil is 5 cm deep and the ground temperature is stable at 8℃ to 9℃.

Key points for black bean cultivation

1. Plot selection

You should choose sandy loam with flat terrain, good fertility, and convenient drainage and irrigation. Avoid continuous cropping of leguminous crops.

2. Apply basal fertilizer

Mainly use organic fertilizer , apply 1000-1500 kg of organic fertilizer (such as livestock and poultry manure, compost, green manure, etc.) per mu, and add 30 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer . The land needs to be tilled after application to ensure that the fertilizer is evenly mixed in the soil.

3. Sowing and seedling raising

(1) Sowing time

Yellow-kernel black beans are suitable for sowing from the end of May to the beginning of June, with a sowing rate of about 3 jin per mu.

(2) Seedling cultivation method

Choose fertile sandy loam as the seedbed, make a seedbed 100cm wide and 10cm high, and ensure that the soil on the bed is fine and flat. When sowing, place the seeds 4-6cm apart, plant them in the soil with the hilum facing the lower half, cover with wood ash mixed with soil, and then cover with straw to keep it moist. Seedlings will emerge about 5 days after sowing. Remove the straw in time and pay attention to preventing and controlling aphids.

4. Transplantation

(1) Transplanting timing

12-15 days after sowing, choose a sunny afternoon or a cloudy day to do it.

(2) Transplantation method

After the seedbed is watered thoroughly, the seeds are transplanted with soil. The field is prepared into 90 cm wide ridges, with two rows in each ridge, 50 cm spacing between rows, and 60 cm spacing between plants. About 1,600 plants are planted per mu.

5. Field management

(1) Cultivation and soil building

Carry out 3-4 times from the seedling stage to the flowering stage to loosen the soil and promote rhizobium activity.

(2) Fertilization

Apply urea and compound fertilizer in a timely manner according to base fertilizer and soil fertility.

(3) Water management

Control moisture during the seedling stage, and irrigate appropriately during the branching and flowering and pod stages to avoid waterlogging in the fields.

6. Pest and disease control

The main pests include bean stalk blackminer, cutworm, aphid and bean pod borer, and agricultural control, sweet and vinegar traps, and pesticide control are adopted.

7. Harvest

7-10 days after the beans turn black and the leaves fall. After pulling up the roots, pile them into small piles and dry them in the shade. When threshing, avoid working directly on the muddy ground. After threshing, ventilate and dry them indoors.

The above is an introduction to the planting time and methods of black beans. You can decide on the planting time of black beans based on the actual local environmental and climatic conditions, and do not sow blindly.