Sugarcane planting and harvesting time

Sugarcane is a tropical crop that grows in warm and humid climates. It is not only an important economic crop , but also one of people's favorite fruits . Let's talk about the planting time and harvesting time of sugarcane.

1. Sugarcane planting time and harvesting time

The spring sowing time of sugarcane in my country's main producing areas is from the end of January to mid-March, earlier in the south and later in the north, but not later than mid-April, and harvesting from May to mid-July. Autumn sowing is best from the end of August to the end of September, and harvesting is in mid-December.

2. Sugarcane Planting Conditions

1. Sugarcane is a thermophilic and light-loving crop, requiring an annual accumulated temperature of 5500℃-8500℃, a frost-free period of more than 330 days, an average annual air humidity of 60%, an annual precipitation of 800-1200mm, and sunshine hours of more than 1195 hours.

2. According to the relationship between sugarcane growth, yield formation, sugar content and climate, it is proposed to use the daily average temperature ≥ 20℃ active accumulated temperature and the annual extreme minimum temperature (Tm), which is the main limiting factor for whether sugarcane can survive the winter and grow all year round, as the sugarcane climate zoning indicators, and divide it into the following four sugarcane planting climate zones:

(1) The most suitable climate zone for planting is when the accumulated temperature is above 5000℃ and Tm≥-2℃.

(2) The accumulated temperature is between 4000-5000℃ and -5℃≤Tm≤-2℃, which is a suitable climate zone.

(3) The accumulated temperature is between 3000-5000℃ and -5℃≤Tm≤-2℃, which is the sub-suitable climate zone.

(4) The accumulated temperature is ≥3000-4000℃ and -8℃≤Tm≤-2℃, which is the suitable climate zone for planting.

3. These four sugarcane-growing climate zones are all concentrated in the mid-subtropical, south subtropical and tropical monsoon climate zones. The most suitable climate zones for planting are basically located south of 24° north latitude.

3. Sugarcane planting technology

1. Deep plowing: Mechanized plowing requires two plows and two harrows, with a depth of 50 centimeters. The soil should be loose and the depth of the sugarcane furrow should be 30 centimeters.

2. Shallow planting: The depth of covering the sugarcane seeds with soil is usually about 5 cm.

3. Wide rows: The row spacing for sugarcane planting is required to be 90-100 cm, which is conducive to ventilation and post-planting field management.

4. Close planting: sow 5-6 sugarcane seeds every 100 cm in the sugarcane furrow, and sow 3000-3500 double-bud sugarcane seeds per mu.

5. Apply sufficient base fertilizer: 1000-2000 kg of farmyard manure per mu. Mix 100 kg of superphosphate, 25 kg of urea and 15 kg of potassium chloride, compost for 7-15 days and then apply to the sugarcane planting furrow.

6. Seed soaking: Select plump, pest-free and undamaged double-bud seedlings, and soak them in clean water or 2% lime water for 1-2 days. This can improve the drought resistance of the sugarcane seeds and also eliminate pests and diseases.

7. Planting method: Sugarcane seeds should be placed flat in the planting ditch with buds on both sides. When covering the seeds with soil, first press the seedlings lightly into the soil and then cover with soil to facilitate rooting.

8. Prevention and control of underground pests: To prevent damage by underground crickets and sugarcane borers, apply 2-3 kg of Miler per mu during planting.

9. Chemical weed control before germination: After planting, before the sugarcane seedlings emerge from the soil, use 25 ml of 40% atrazine plus 200 ml of amine per mu, add 50-60 kg of water and spray on the surface soil to control weed growth.

As an important tropical crop, sugarcane is planted from spring to summer and harvested from autumn to winter. It likes warm and humid climate, grows fast and is rich in nutrients, and is of great significance to people's lives.