What is the best season to plant yam?

Yam planting season and time

Huaishan is planted in different seasons. It is best to plant Huaishan from Qingming to Guyu. Huaishan is a variety of yam and the name of the finished yam.

There are seven common types of yam, including ordinary yam, fine-hairy yam, iron rod yam, Yamato yam, Ganoderma lucidum yam, yam, and hemp yam. The cultivation time of these varieties is the same.

Chinese yam harvest season

Generally, yam should be harvested in autumn when all the stems and leaves wither. If harvested too early, the yield is low and the water content is easy to break. If you are not in a hurry to put it on the market, you can keep it in the field for the winter until mid-to-late March of the following year, when it can be harvested before budding. In the period of agricultural production technology, only 3,000 kilograms can be produced per mu. Modern agriculture adopts industrialized breeding technology, and the yield per mu reaches about 8,000 catties. The theoretical data of the test tunnel is 11,000 catties per mu.

Steps and methods of planting yam

1. Land preparation and trenching

Yam is a shallow-rooted crop with a long growth period. It is cultivated once every spring when the ground temperature reaches 10°C. Yam cultivation requires the selection of high dry, well-drained, deep, soft sandy or light soil fields. The soil quality is required to be the same, and the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral. Yams should not be planted continuously. Usually rotated every 2 to 3 years.

2. Seed block processing

20-255 days before planting, select disease-free blocks with hard roots at the top that meet the characteristics of the cultivated variety as seeds, dip the cross-section of one end in slaked lime powder, and expose it to sunlight for a few days to disinfect and promote germination. In order to increase the reproduction coefficient, the roots must be cut off for reproduction.

Select a thin root, about 1m long and 2.4-4.5cm in diameter, cut it into several sections, about 15-20cm long, and dry the seeds until there are small cracks on the ends of the sections. Handle the seeds gently during the drying period to prevent scratches. At the same time, protect them from wind, rain and frost.

3. Yam planting

After filling the yam planting ditch with soil and fertilizer, make a flat ridge about one meter wide on the ditch. When planting, dig a ditch about 10 cm deep in the middle of the flat ridge and then water it. When the water penetrates, plant the yam flat in the ditch according to the plant spacing of 15-20 cm, about 4,000 plants per mu. Cover the soil with 8~10 cm, and then cover it with film to increase the soil temperature and promote seedling emergence. Using yam beans to propagate yam seeds can increase the reproduction coefficient, with a plant spacing of 40-50 cm and a plant spacing of 10 cm. The average yield per mu is about 12,000 plants.

4. Post-planting management

The stems and leaves of Chinese yam prefer a hot and dry environment and are not frost-resistant. The average root temperature starts to germinate when it is above 10°C, and the optimum germination temperature is around 25°C. The stems and leaves grow best at 25°C-28°C, and the tubers grow fastest at 20°C-24°C. It takes 35 days for Chinese yam to emerge.