Planting conditions, planting environment and benefits of Amomum villosum

Introduction to Amomum villosum

Amomum villosum, also known as cardamom, is a plant of the Zingiberaceae family and the genus Cardamom. The plant can reach 3 meters in height. The capsule is oval, purple-red when ripe, and turns brown after drying. The seeds are polygonal, with a strong aroma and a bitter and cool taste. The flowering period is May-June, and the fruiting period is August-September. There are several types of Amomum villosum: Spring Amomum villosum, Yangchun Amomum villosum, Silver Leaf Amomum villosum and Yingjiang Amomum villosum.

Amomum villosum planting conditions

Amomum villosum likes a warm and humid environment, is not cold-resistant, afraid of drought, and cannot tolerate waterlogging. It needs proper shade during its growth period and cannot be exposed to strong light. It likes diffuse light and is commonly found on both sides of streams with long flowing water in mountain valleys and forests.

1. Growth and development: Pollen cannot fall naturally on the stigma. The fruit matures about 3 months after pollination of Amomum villosum flowers, and the maturity period is August-September.

2. Temperature: Amomum villosum prefers a high temperature environment. The suitable growth temperature is between 22-28 degrees. It grows slowly at temperatures between 15-19 degrees. It can tolerate short-term low temperatures of 1-3 degrees. It will not bloom below 17 degrees or will not shed pollen when it blooms.

3. Humidity: Amomum villosum likes a humid environment and requires an annual precipitation of more than 1,000 mm. The air humidity needs to be above 80%. The soil temperature varies in different growth and development stages. The air humidity during the flowering and pollination period needs to be controlled at more than 90%, and the soil moisture content is 24%-26%.

4. Distribution: Amomum villosum cannot tolerate strong light and is suitable for maintenance in places with scattered light. Amomum villosum is mainly distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan in China, and is cultivated or grown wild in shaded and humid places in the mountains.

Planting time of Amomum villosum

Amomum villosum is suitable for planting in spring and autumn, specifically in mid-March or late March in spring, and from late August to early September in autumn. The temperature is suitable at this time and the survival rate is high.

Benefits of Amomum villosum cultivation

In the cultivation of Amomum villosum, the harvesting and processing processes are time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in increased costs. Calculated at the current purchase price of 350 yuan per kilogram, the average annual income per mu ranges from 1,500 to 5,000 yuan. Excluding the costs of seedlings, labor, processing, harvesting, etc., farmers' income is still limited. In addition, since Amomum villosum mainly relies on artificial pollination, this increases the workload of growers.